Skin problems in dogs and cats
Itching, hotspots, allergies and dermatitis: causes, treatment and prevention.
Itching, bald patches, scabs or red spots can indicate allergies, parasites, fungi or bacterial infections. Food allergies are common—an elimination diet can provide clarity. For persistent symptoms: consult your vet.
⚠️ Symptoms
Watch for these signs:
- • Severe itching, scratching or licking
- • Bald patches, redness or scabs
- • Flaking, dandruff or odour
- • Swelling or warm spots
Hotspots (moist dermatitis)
Hotspots are moist, red patches that worsen quickly from licking and scratching. They often occur in dogs with thick coats. Treat quickly to prevent spread—see your vet.
🦠 Causes
- • Food allergy – Protein sources (chicken, beef, grain) can cause allergic reactions.
- • Flea allergy – A single flea bite can cause severe itching in sensitive animals.
- • Environmental allergy (atopy) – Pollen, dust mites or mould can cause skin problems.
- • Parasites and infections – Mites, ringworm or bacterial infections can cause skin problems.
Food allergy and elimination diet
If food allergy is suspected, your vet may recommend an elimination diet: 8–12 weeks strictly one protein source and one carbohydrate source. No treats or table scraps. This helps determine if symptoms disappear.
💊 Treatment and prevention
Treatment depends on the cause:
- • Flea control: consistently treat all pets
- • Elimination diet for food allergy
- • Medication: antihistamines, corticosteroids or other drugs on vet advice
- • Medicated shampoo or topical treatment for infections
Prevention
Regular flea and tick control, good nutrition and not bathing too often help keep skin healthy. For persistent itching or skin changes: always consult your vet.
🩺 This information is general. Contact your veterinarian for a consultation and tailored advice.
More about health
View our health guide for more information.
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